The path to a successful career change: the 4 programming languages you need to know for industrial robotics
Industrial robotics is among the most dynamically developing technology sectors. Manufacturers around the world are looking for qualified engineers who can deploy, program and maintain automated systems. Retraining for this field offers huge opportunities for career development.
To be competitive, it's critical to know the key programming languages that drive robots and automated lines. In this complete guide we look at the four main pillars of programming in industrial automation.
1. Python: The gateway to intelligent robotics (AI and data)
Python has established itself as the absolute leader in a number of technology fields and takes center stage in modern robotics, especially in the context of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Why is Python a must for a career change?
- Machine learning (ML) and computer vision: More and more robots rely on AI for complex decision-making, object recognition and quality control. Python, with powerful libraries such as TensorFlow and PyTorch, is the standard language for these applications.
- ROS (Robot Operating System) compatibility: Although ROS is written mostly in C++, Python is used as the main scripting language for quickly writing nodes, for communication between robot components and for simulation.
- Data and system management: It's excellent for collecting, analyzing and visualizing data from sensors and PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), which is important for monitoring production efficiency.
Takeaway: If you're starting now, Python is the best first step thanks to its readability and huge use in AI and data analysis.
2. C / C++: Speed and real-time control
If Python is the “brain” for high-level decisions, C/C++ is the “nervous system” that ensures fast, reliable robot motion.
Use in industrial robotics:
- Systems programming and firmware: C++ is indispensable for writing the firmware of the controllers that drive motors, encoders and other hardware components. This is where direct memory management and real-time operation are required.
- High performance in ROS: For critical ROS components that require minimal latency and maximum speed, C++ is used to achieve optimal efficiency.
- Complex algorithms: Motion control, kinematics and dynamics algorithms are often implemented in C++ because of its speed.
Takeaway: To move from simple programming to systems engineering in robotics, mastering C++ is key.
3. PLC languages: The heart of industrial automation
An industrial robot never works in isolation. It's part of a production cell controlled by Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). For a career change, it's essential to know the IEC 61131-3 standards.
The main languages under the IEC 61131-3 standard:
- Ladder Diagram (LD): A graphical language that visually resembles an electrical relay diagram. It's the most common choice for programming basic logic operations and sequences.
- Structured Text (ST): A text-based language that resembles Pascal or C. It's used to write more complex mathematical logic, algorithms and cyclic processes within the PLC.
- Function Block Diagram (FBD): A graphical language that uses blocks to represent functions (timers, counters, arithmetic operations).
Takeaway: PLC languages are the bridge between the IT world and the real production environment. Without them, integrating the robot into the production line is impossible.
4. Vendor-specific languages (Vendor Dialects)
Once you've mastered the general languages, you need to get to know the dialects of the major manufacturers, since every robot is ultimately programmed in its own language:
- RAPID: Used to program ABB robots.
- KRL (KUKA Robot Language): The programming language for KUKA robots.
- TPE (Teach Pendant Editor) / Karel: Used by FANUC robots.
These languages are optimized for easy motion control (for example, defining points and paths) and for communication with the robot's specific hardware.
A successful career change requires a strategic approach. Start with Python and the basics of PLCs (LD, ST) for quick practical use. Build on that with C++ for systems engineering, and choose a specific manufacturer's language (e.g. KRL) based on market demand.
Investing in these languages positions you as an expert able to work both at the algorithm level (AI/Python) and at the hardware-control level (C++/PLC).
If you're interested in courses and training focused on real industrial automation, contact the Artec Robotics team today.
On the Artec Robotics “News” page you will find a variety of articles and guides on robotics and automation. Here you'll find useful information about the latest technologies, software solutions and programs. They will help you dive deeper into the world of industrial robots and automated systems.
Follow the news from Artec Robotics!
MAKE AN INQUIRY
